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Jamaica

Blue Mountain — the original luxury coffee brand, and one of the smallest crops in this atlas.

Production
0M bags (60 kg)
Altitude
600–1,700 m
Species
100% Arabica
Harvest
August–January

Production figures are for the 2025/26 crop year.

Overview

Jamaica produces around fifteen thousand bags a year, which is roughly what Brazil grows in two hours. Almost all of its reputation rests on one protected designation: Jamaica Blue Mountain, which by law can only come from defined parishes in the Blue Mountain range between about 900 and 1,700 metres. Coffee grown below that line is sold as High Mountain Supreme or Jamaica Supreme, and cannot use the name.

The designation is enforced by the regulator, and the coffee is shipped in wooden barrels rather than jute — a survival of nineteenth-century practice that has become part of the brand. Most of the crop has gone to Japan for decades under long-standing buying relationships, which is the main reason so little of it appears elsewhere. Prices are among the highest in the world and the debate over whether the cup justifies them is as old as the specialty industry.

Growing regions

  • Arabica

Shaded provinces contain growing areas; the crop covers only part of each.

900–1,700 m
Arabica

The protected designation: defined parishes between roughly 900 and 1,700 m.

Harvest
  1. J
  2. F
  3. M
  4. A
  5. M
  6. J
  7. J
  8. A
  9. S
  10. O
  11. N
  12. D
Washed Typica
Full profile

600–1,000 m
Arabica

Below the Blue Mountain line, and sold under its own grade name.

Harvest
  1. J
  2. F
  3. M
  4. A
  5. M
  6. J
  7. J
  8. A
  9. S
  10. O
  11. N
  12. D
Washed Typica
Full profile

In the cup

The selling point is smoothness rather than intensity: very low acidity, a full creamy body, mild nutty and chocolate sweetness, and a clean finish with no bitterness. It is deliberately gentle coffee, and readers expecting the fruit and acidity of a modern African lot usually find it quiet.

Nutty Chocolate Balanced Full body

History

Coffee arrived in 1728 and the Blue Mountain plantations were established under slavery, on land whose steepness kept holdings small after emancipation. Quality collapsed in the mid-twentieth century, and the Coffee Industry Board was created in 1950 with the power to certify exports — the origin of the modern protected designation and of the barrel.

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Sources

  1. USDA Foreign Agricultural ServiceProduction, Supply and Distribution — Coffee (2025/26) (read August 31, 2026) Cited for Production, Species
  2. International Coffee OrganizationHistorical Data on the Global Coffee Trade (read August 24, 2026)
  3. World Coffee ResearchArabica Coffee Varieties (read August 24, 2026) Cited for Varieties

Country outlines and shaded relief from Natural Earth, which places them in the public domain.

Growing-region markers indicate an area. They are not surveyed farm locations and should not be read as any.