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Peru

The largest organic coffee origin in the world, grown by smallholders on the eastern slope of the Andes.

Production
4.8M bags (60 kg)
Altitude
1,000–2,100 m
Species
100% Arabica
Harvest
May–September

Production figures are for the 2025/26 crop year.

Overview

Peru grows Arabica only, on the forested eastern flank of the Andes where the mountains fall away towards the Amazon. Almost all of it is smallholder work — farms of a couple of hectares, organised into cooperatives that handle milling and export, because no individual plot produces enough to fill a container.

That cooperative structure is why Peru certifies at the scale it does. Organic and Fair Trade certification are close to the default here rather than a premium niche, and for years Peru has been the largest single source of certified-organic Arabica on the market. The trade-off is infrastructure: lots travel a long way on poor roads before reaching a dry mill, and consistency has historically been the origin's weak point rather than potential.

Growing regions

  • Arabica

Shaded provinces contain growing areas; the crop covers only part of each.

1,200–2,100 m
Arabica

The northern highlands, and the source of most of Peru's competition lots.

Harvest
  1. J
  2. F
  3. M
  4. A
  5. M
  6. J
  7. J
  8. A
  9. S
  10. O
  11. N
  12. D
Washed Bourbon Caturra Typica Pache

1,200–2,000 m
Arabica

Rodríguez de Mendoza and the Utcubamba valley — high, remote and increasingly named on bags.

Harvest
  1. J
  2. F
  3. M
  4. A
  5. M
  6. J
  7. J
  8. A
  9. S
  10. O
  11. N
  12. D
Washed Bourbon Caturra Typica

1,000–1,800 m
Arabica

The largest producing department by volume, much of it certified organic.

Harvest
  1. J
  2. F
  3. M
  4. A
  5. M
  6. J
  7. J
  8. A
  9. S
  10. O
  11. N
  12. D
Washed Caturra Catimor Typica

1,000–1,900 m
Arabica

Chanchamayo and Satipo, the old centre of the industry in the central jungle.

Harvest
  1. J
  2. F
  3. M
  4. A
  5. M
  6. J
  7. J
  8. A
  9. S
  10. O
  11. N
  12. D
Washed Typica Caturra Bourbon

In the cup

Gentle and sweet rather than loud: soft citric acidity, caramel and toffee, a smooth medium body, and often a nutty or cocoa finish. The highest lots from Cajamarca and Amazonas push into floral aromatics and brighter stone fruit, which is where Peru's competition lots come from.

Caramel Nutty Citrus Balanced

History

Coffee arrived in the eighteenth century but stayed a domestic crop until European demand and, later, land reform pushed it into the northern highlands. Political violence through the 1980s emptied parts of the growing regions; the rebuilding that followed was organised around cooperatives, which is why the sector looks the way it does today.

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Sources

  1. USDA Foreign Agricultural ServiceProduction, Supply and Distribution — Coffee (2025/26) (read August 31, 2026) Cited for Production, Species
  2. International Coffee OrganizationHistorical Data on the Global Coffee Trade (read August 24, 2026)
  3. World Coffee ResearchArabica Coffee Varieties (read August 24, 2026) Cited for Varieties

Country outlines and shaded relief from Natural Earth, which places them in the public domain.

Growing-region markers indicate an area. They are not surveyed farm locations and should not be read as any.