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Espírito Santo

The Conilon (Robusta) heartland, on the coast north of Rio.

Altitude
100–700 m
Harvest
May–August
Species
Robusta and Arabica
Processing
Natural

About the region

Espírito Santo is Brazil's Robusta state — Conilon, as it is called locally — and it produces the large majority of the country's Robusta on the coastal lowlands north of Rio. Brazil is the world's second-largest Robusta producer as well as its largest Arabica one, and this is where that happens.

The state also has a small, high Arabica sector in its mountainous interior, at altitudes and temperatures completely unlike the coastal Conilon plantations.

In the cup

Conilon is clean and neutral by Robusta standards — cereal, nut and dark chocolate, with a heavy body and little of the rubbery harshness the species is blamed for. The mountain Arabica is a separate, brighter product.

Terrain

Hot coastal lowland for Conilon, with a cooler mountainous interior supporting Arabica.

Varieties

Conilon (Robusta)

Other regions in Brazil

Sul de Minas The largest Arabica area in the country, in southern Minas Gerais. Cerrado Mineiro Flat, high savannah with a sharply defined dry season — and Brazil's first origin denomination. Mogiana Hillier country on the São Paulo side of the Minas border.

Sources

  1. Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural — Cafeicultura — Incaper (read August 31, 2026) Cited for Varieties