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Indonesia

Thousands of islands, two species, and a processing method used almost nowhere else.

Production
12.4M bags (60 kg)
Altitude
900–1,800 m
Species
89% Robusta and 11% Arabica
Harvest
May–October

Production figures are for the 2025/26 crop year.

Overview

Coffee arrived in Java under Dutch rule in the seventeenth century, which is why "java" became a word for coffee at all. Leaf rust destroyed most of the Arabica in the 1880s and Robusta replaced it — which is why Indonesia today is mostly Robusta, with Arabica concentrated in specific highland pockets on Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Bali and Flores.

The signature is *giling basah*, wet hulling: the parchment is stripped while the bean is still wet, and drying finishes on the bare bean. It is a response to a climate too humid to dry coffee slowly, and it marks the cup unmistakably.

Growing regions

  • Arabica

Shaded provinces contain growing areas; the crop covers only part of each.

1,100–1,600 m
Arabica

The Sumatran highlands around Lake Tawar — the largest Arabica area in the country.

Harvest
  1. J
  2. F
  3. M
  4. A
  5. M
  6. J
  7. J
  8. A
  9. S
  10. O
  11. N
  12. D
Other Washed Ateng Timtim Gayo 1 Bourbon
Full profile

1,200–1,500 m
Arabica

South of Lake Toba, and the classic heavy-bodied Sumatran profile.

Harvest
  1. J
  2. F
  3. M
  4. A
  5. M
  6. J
  7. J
  8. A
  9. S
  10. O
  11. N
  12. D
Other Typica Ateng Sidikalang
Full profile

1,100–1,800 m
Arabica

The Sulawesi highlands — cleaner and more acidic than Sumatra.

Harvest
  1. J
  2. F
  3. M
  4. A
  5. M
  6. J
  7. J
  8. A
  9. S
  10. O
  11. N
  12. D
Other Washed Typica S795 Ateng
Full profile

In the cup

Wet-hulled Sumatra is heavy, syrupy and very low in acidity, with earthy, cedar and tobacco notes and a savoury edge — a profile people tend to love or avoid entirely. Washed lots from Java and Bali are cleaner and more conventional, closer to a nutty Central American.

Earthy Chocolate Full body Spice
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Sources

  1. USDA Foreign Agricultural ServiceCoffee: World Markets and Trade (July 2026) (read August 24, 2026) Cited for Production, Species
  2. International Coffee OrganizationHistorical Data on the Global Coffee Trade (read August 24, 2026)
  3. World Coffee ResearchArabica Coffee Varieties (read August 24, 2026) Cited for Varieties

Country outlines and shaded relief from Natural Earth, which places them in the public domain.

Growing-region markers indicate an area. They are not surveyed farm locations and should not be read as any.